Maurice Ries: Collection of Bernal Diaz Negatives, 1944 - 1967


COLLECTION GUIDE

Prepared by Ruth Olivera, October 1995.

Maurice Ries (1907 - 1986) was for several years a staff member of the Middle American Research Institute and served as co-director with Arthur E. Gropp in the early 1940's. His commentary was used in a 1939 film titled "Middle America," narrated by Lowell Thomas and John Martin. Writing in a colorful and dramatic style, he published numerous newspaper features which helped popularize the archaeology and culture of Middle America. After leaving New Orleans, Ries became active in the motion picture industry in California.

As Ries explains in a document in this collection (Box 1, folder 4), he became interested during several visits to Guatemala in what he called the "original" manuscript of Bernal Daíz del Castillo's Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva España. With the aid of a grant and the permission of the Guatemalan government, he arranged in 1948 for his wife Muriel, "a skilled photographer," to photograph the entire manuscript in the Biblioteca Nacional. His reasoning being that as long as these negatives remained safe, the manuscript could never be completely lost.

Ries believed the MS "Guatemala" to be a much more authentic version that the version, now lost, which was used by Fray Alonso Remon in Spain for the first published edition in 1632. This appraisal, however is disputed by the Spanish scholar Carmelo Saenz de Santa María in his introduction to what must now be considered the definitive edition of the Historia Verdadera de la Conquista de la Nueva Espana, published in Madrid in 1982 (F/12306D 5373/1982/LAL). In this edition, the Remón text is placed in double columns with the MS "Guatemala," which is described as being simply a draft. Yet it is not the only extant manuscript version. Another manuscript of lesser authenticity called the "Alegría," of which Ries was unaware of, has also come to light. He mentions the fact that a photographic reproduction of the MS "Guatemala" had been made in 1892, but not that the manuscript was microfilmed by the Library of Congress in 1950. However, Ries's negatives are undoubtedly unique.

There are 597 "4 x 5" black and white negatives in this collection, plus a number of duplicates and four color shots. There are also nine contact prints. They have been placed in individual acid-free sleeves with information duly recorded, such as the original box number and the Pardo number, with the quality of the negatives indicated by the appropriate letters. See attached "Key to symbol" in pages and used in cataloging Bernal Diaz del Castillo manuscript negatives in 1965. The Pardo number refers to the number assigned by Dr. Joaquin Pardo, Guatemalan National Librarian.

Besides the negatives, the collection contains detailed notes and lists by the Ries's on the negatives, photographs of the photographing procedure, and a talk by Maurice Ries dated 1967 about the man Bernal Díaz del Castillo, the conquest of Mexico, and a history of the manuscript.


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Last updated: August 6, 1998